The Holocaust is not an abstract subject for me. My father survived a series of Nazi labor and concentration camps after losing most of his family in occupied Poland. Over the years I have relied on the resources below to better understand both the history and the people whose lives were destroyed by it.
As the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum explains, the Holocaust was the systematic, state-sponsored murder of approximately six million Jews by Nazi Germany and its collaborators. The Nazis, who took power in Germany in January 1933, considered Jews a racial threat to be eliminated. In 1933, Europe’s Jewish population stood at over nine million; by 1945, nearly two out of every three European Jews had been killed. Other victims of Nazi persecution included an estimated 200,000 Roma, and at least 200,000 disabled patients murdered under the Nazi euthanasia program.
Curated Holocaust Archives & Libraries
- U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, including its Holocaust Encyclopedia
- Yad Vashem
- USC Shoah Foundation
- Arolsen Archives – International Center on Nazi Persecution
- The Wiener Holocaust Library
- Yale’s Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies – more than 4,400 testimonies comprising 12,000 recorded hours of videotape
- From Numbers to Names – explore Holocaust photo and video archives through AI
- LastSeen Image Atlas – images of the Nazi deportations
- The World Society of Częstochowa Jews and Their Descendants
- Jewish Records Indexing – Poland – safeguards the evidence of the 1,000-year Jewish presence in current and former Polish territories
Holocaust Remembrance Days
- Yom Hashoah, designated by Israel, marking the anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising
- International Holocaust Remembrance Day, designated by the United Nations, marking the liberation of Auschwitz
Timelines
- Timeline of Events – U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum
- Timeline – Yad Vashem
- Timeline of the Holocaust: 1933–1945 – Museum of Tolerance
- Events in the History of the Holocaust – The Wiener Holocaust Library
Books
- The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany by William Shirer
- Nazi Germany and the Jews, Volume 1: The Years of Persecution, 1933–1939 by Saul Friedländer
- Nazi Germany and the Jews, Volume 2: The Years of Extermination, 1939–1945 by Saul Friedländer
- KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps by Nikolaus Wachsmann
- The Holocaust: An Unfinished History by Dan Stone – reviewed in the New York Times
Last updated: June 16, 2026
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